EURECA-PRO

Publications

Below you will find publications about EURECA-PRO and publications related to the research Lighthouse Missions of EURECA-PRO

EURECA-PRO’s research agenda aims to develop solutions to combat negative global environmental change. The results of the research activities flow into the teaching of EURECA-PRO through problem-based learning, and through the open access/science approach, a lot of content developed is made available globally, openly and free of charge. The following collection shows publications of the EURECA-PRO consortium and the corresponding research was conducted in accordance with the research agenda of the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production.

Publications
about
EURECA-PRO

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Publications related to research Lighthouse Missions (LH):

Responsible
Material Flows
(LH1)
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Environment
and Water
(LH2)
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Sustainable Materials and Products (LH3)
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Clean
Energy
(LH4)
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Process automation and Industry 4.0 (LH5)
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Publications about EURECA-PRO

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Publications related to research Lighthouse Missions (LH)

Responsible
Material Flows
(LH1)
Read more
Environment
and Water
(LH2)
Read more
Sustainable Materials and Products
(LH3)
Read more
Clean
Energy
(LH4)
Read more
Process automation and
Industry 4.0
(LH5)
Read more

Publications about EURECA-PRO

Read more

Publications related to research Lighthouse Missions (LH):

Responsible Material Flows (LH1)
Read more
Environment and Water (LH2)
Read more
Sustainable Materials and Products (LH3)
Read more
Clean Energy
(LH4)
Read more
Process automation and Industry 4.0 (LH5)
Read more

Publications about EURECA-PRO

Abstract

This paper explores the impact of Project-Based Learning (PBL) in fostering key competencies among higher education students and academics within a European university alliance. The study evaluates the acquisition of personal, professional, academic, and social competencies alongside participants’ perceptions and motivations. It highlights PBL’s role in developing critical skills, promoting teamwork, and advancing interdisciplinary collaboration, emphasising inclusivity and adaptability across diverse learning contexts. Furthermore, the research underscores PBL’s contribution to sustainable skills development and lifelong learning, equipping students to face evolving societal and environmental challenges.
Relation to EURECA-PRO: The publication is directly linked to WP4 – Learning and Teaching, reinforcing EURECA-PRO’s commitment to promoting innovative teaching methodologies in higher education through Project-Based Learning (PBL). Specifically, it supports Task 4.2 – Development of Innovative Learning and Teaching Methods, offering empirical evidence on the effectiveness of PBL as an instructional strategy within EURECA-PRO institutions. Furthermore, the study aligns with Task 4.3 – Development of Digital Education and Green Skills, illustrating how PBL can enhance sustainable and digital competencies, which are essential for transforming higher education in accordance with EURECA-PRO’s strategic objectives.
Lighthouse: LH6: The publication aligns with LH6: Health and Circular Economy, which emphasises education as a key driver for sustainability and societal transformation. By developing innovative, interdisciplinary education approaches, the study enhances STEAM competencies to prepare students for socioeconomic and environmental challenges. The research promotes collaborative learning environments that foster a responsible, interdisciplinary mindset, which is essential for addressing global issues such as sustainability, resource efficiency, and digital transformation in education.

Publication Link
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666374025000159
Citation

García-Llamas, P., Taboada, A., Sanz-Chumillas, P., Lopes Pereira, L., & Baelo, R. (2025). Breaking barriers in STEAM education: Analyzing competence acquisition through project-based learning in a European context. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 8, 100449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2025.100449

Abstract

There is a wide demand for professionals in the science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields; nevertheless, the number of students is decreasing every day, and the presence of women is also scarce. Within the Spanish context, different programs promote measures for STEM skills’ development; however, they are neither collected nor evaluated under a common umbrella. For that reason, it seems appropriate to investigate the possibilities of carrying out a STEM certification involving the management and teaching practice of secondary and high school education centres. The present work has developed an evaluation instrument based on the work by The Friday Institute for Educational Innovation from the North Carolina State University (USA). The model proposed looking at obtaining a high-quality STEM Center certification in the Spanish context, seeking to guarantee that the efforts made are systematically collected and evaluated in a common framework. This model includes an evaluation rubric with 5 dimensions and a series of indicators, classifying the centres into 4 levels of development. The aim is to provide a framework to establish, monitor and guide their STEM culture development with a global perspective, counting with the entire educational community, working on STEM skills in a transversal manner.

Relation to EURECA-PRO: The publication is linked to Task 5.3 Digital and STEM Skills, under WP5 of EURECA-PRO, which promotes the design and development of interdisciplinary and applied STEM curricula in educational institutions.

Lighthouse: LH6: Health and Circular Economy, by emphasizing equity, inclusion, and sustainability in STEM programs, aligning with the principles of responsible education and the circular economy.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.3390/math9030236
Citation

Estévez-Mauriz, L., & Baelo, R. (2021). How to Evaluate the STEM Curriculum in Spain? Mathematics, 9(3), 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9030236

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about notable changes in the education sector, specifically the shift towards online learning. This study examined the experiences of 124 engineering students in the Canary Islands, an EU ultra-peripheral region, as they adapted to online education during the pandemic. A comprehensive survey assessed students’ experiences in five key dimensions, including satisfaction with traditional face-to-face learning, perceptions of the engineering department’s transition to online learning, module-specific adaptations, personal adaptation strategies, and the adaptation of teaching staff. The study’s methodology involved statistical analyses using Microsoft Excel v16.0 and SPSS 27 tools to identify patterns and draw conclusions. The findings indicate a nuanced landscape. Students demonstrated strong technological literacy and readiness for online learning. However, they expressed concerns about educators’ digital proficiency and perceived a decline in educational quality. These results emphasize the critical need for sustainable, adaptable, and inclusive educational strategies, particularly in regions like the Canary Islands that face unique challenges. The implications of the study have broader relevance to digital education. It is essential to note the need for educators to receive comprehensive training in digital tools and methodologies to improve the quality of online learning.

Relation to EURECA-PRO: The publication is linked to Task 5.4 Employability Skills and Task 5.5 Teaching Methodologies, under WP5 of EURECA-PRO, which focus on developing digital and socio-emotional competencies and designing innovative teaching methodologies for virtual and hybrid learning environments.

Lighthouse: LH6: Health and Circular Economy, by promoting resilience and sustainable education practices that prepare students for future challenges while supporting well-being and equity in education.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.3390/SU16041574
Citation
Sierra, C., Boente, C., Zitouni, A., Baelo, R., & Rosales-Asensio, E. (2024). Resilient Strategies for Internet-Based Education: Investigating Engineering Students in the Canary Islands in the Aftermath of COVID-19. Sustainability (Switzerland), 16(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/SU16041574
Abstract

This study examines the academic trajectories and professional aspirations of Generation Z STEM students in the Canary Islands. Through surveys, it analyzes vocational guidance, perceptions of job opportunities, gender influence, and key socio-emotional skills. The findings indicate that gender barriers persist, there is a perceived disconnect between education and employment, and a need to strengthen transversal skills. The study concludes that it is essential to implement inclusive educational strategies, reinforce transversal skills development, and foster stronger connections with labor market demands.

Relation to RE-EURECA-PRO: The publication is linked to Task D5.4: Skills Development for Research Excellence and Task D6.1: Diagnostic Analysis on Inclusiveness, under WP5 Life-Long Career and Human Resource Development and WP6 Inclusiveness of Scientific Communities. Its contribution lies in identifying barriers and opportunities in STEM, aligning with the project’s objectives on equity, sustainability, and academic excellence.

Lighthouse: LH6: Health and Circular Economy, by addressing sustainable education, social inclusion, and the development of a workforce prepared to tackle global challenges.

Publication Link
www.ijee.ie/latestissues/Vol40-4/10_ijee4472.pdf
Citation
Sierra, C., Boente, C., Baelo, R., Estévez, L., & Rosales-Asensio, E. (2024). Exploring the Academic Paths and Professional Aspirations of GenZ STEM Students in the Canary Islands. International Journal of Engineering Education, 40(4).
Abstract
Academia has entered a new teaching, learning, and researching era: an era in which more and more services turn to digital and online forms, distances are eliminated, geographical borders disappear, and telepresence becomes common. Though accelerated by the pandemic of the last two years, this transition has been in progress for some time. The importance of creatively nurturing students, academic, and scientific staff in the realms of education, practical knowledge, skills, and competence growth has only increased. Investing in best practices in this digital world, both in teaching and in research, supports a connection between the academic world and society at large, raises societal, environmental awareness, and promotes innovation and excellence at all levels. Each of these considerations plays an important role for the EURECA-PRO European University Alliance, a group of eight partner universities from different European countries working together to establish a modern, diverse European institution. This article focuses on how EURECA-PRO partners collaborate to create a digital campus that supports education, research, and innovation. These efforts rely on the Work Package 4 (WP4) and are led by the Technical University of Crete (TUC).
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01283-7
Citation
Lagoudakis, M.G., Gkizeli, M., Fotiou, A. et al., Teaching and Research in the Digital World. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 489–494 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01283-7
Abstract
Hasselt University (UHasselt) recently joined EURECA-PRO, an eight-university partnership spanning seven European countries working to create a European University on Sustainable Consumption and Production. EURECA-PRO pursues sustainability research focused on the processes of resource extraction, production, and consumption in order to investigate the entire value chain of materials and products. EURECA-PRO partners and UHasselt have similar research expertise in the field of sustainability, present complementary educational profiles, and share multiple strategic policy priorities, such as inclusivity, lifelong learning, sustainability, and internationalisation. In what follows, we outline our motives and hopes in joining EURECA-PRO: the enhancement of international staff/student mobility, increased academic collaboration, further development of research/education innovation, and a positive spill over effects for UHasselt’s wider academic and geographical community. As a relatively new partner, UHasselt will invest substantially in communication strategies and initiatives to build connections between UHasselt staff/students and partnering institutions. UHasselt appreciates EURECA-PRO’s accomplishments to date and acknowledges the facilitation of UHasselt’s entrance into the alliance. Overall, UHasselt considers EURECA-PRO a valuable platform to enhance research, teaching, and public engagement on topics already a part of UHasselt’s DNA. At the same time, we believe that Hasselt University has meaningful contributions to make to EURECA-PRO, for example through expertise in international programmes, specialised and rare infrastructure (eg. Ecotron) and an established reputation as a leading research institute and teaching hub on topics, such as circular economy and energy transition, residing at the heart of the EURECA-PRO Alliance.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01279-3
Citation
Van Hellemont, E., Vancauwenbergh, S., Hasselt University’s Roadmap to a European University. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 472–476 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01279-3
Abstract
In addition to offering education and conducting research, transferring knowledge from academia to society is the third core task of universities, their so-called Third Mission. A framework for transferring research results from science to society and integrating everyday problems into scientific research is a crucial starting point for academics seeking to generate solutions to socio-economic problems. At the beginning of the European University Alliance EURECA-PRO cooperation there were disparate understandings of Third Mission; as a result, related research and activities were variably conducted. Given that a common Third Mission strategy is a fundamental requirement for the establishment of the European University Alliance, EURECA-PRO is focused on all partner universities coming to a common Third Mission understanding. One way to pursue this goal is presenting EURECA-PRO scientific research from each university in video form. These videos have a clear and targeted focus on being relevant to everyday life; initial results show that this kind of science communication is both well accepted by scientists and supportive of developing a common Third Mission understanding within EURECA-PRO.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01278-4
Citation
Hochstein, S., Walter, S. & Speck, M., Development of a Joint Third Mission Strategy – Challenges and Approaches. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 495–499 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01278-4
Abstract
This contribution describes the origins and essential characteristics of the Humboldtian Model of Higher Education. It also shows how this model can be integrated into the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production (EURECA-PRO). Wilhelm von Humboldt and his team developed the innovative Humboldtian Model of Higher Education in Humboldt’s native Prussia between 1809 and 1810 in order to totally reform the education system. After founding the University of Berlin in 1810 and with the support of leading young scientists cum professors, Humboldt intended to implement this new model of tertiary education. The Humboldtian Model requires that universities govern themselves, have academic freedom, and integrate education and research. As a consequence, science is unified and all academic disciplines are present within a given university. This model also calls for university-wide interaction and for all university members to communicate such that students become integrated as researching learners and learning researchers through close co-operation with their teachers. With the emergence of the neoliberal university model in the 1990s, key elements of the Humboldtian Model have been complemented by university obligations to meet expectations from government, the business community, and society at large with regard to the usefulness and benefit of university research and educational outputs. This contribution concludes by discussing the potential of implementing the Humboldtian Model of Higher Education within EURECA-PRO.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01280-w
Citation
Bongaerts, J.C., The Humboldtian Model of Higher Education and its Significance for the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 500–507 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01280-w
Abstract
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines play an increasingly important role in the current socio-economic context. Higher education systems are working to equip students with the appropriate skills and competencies to cope with current demands and, in particular, to join a labour market strongly informed by STEM disciplines. Many such skills are non-disciplinary and are known as transversal or soft skills. Soft skills, including interpersonal and socio-emotional skills, are highly sought after in the labour market. These skills not only reflect personal abilities but also draw on concepts, such as social responsibility, creativity, ethics, and emotional intelligence. The European University on Responsible Consumption and Production (EURECA-PRO) seeks to foster soft skills development in our activities and curricula.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01275-7
Citation
Villán-Vallejo, A., Zitouni, A., García-Llamas, P. et al., Soft Skills and STEM Education: Vision of the European University EURECA-PRO. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 485–488 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01275-7
Abstract
Education is an essential core task of EURECA-PRO and consists of designing and implementing new study programmes at all levels (Bachelor’s, Master’s, and doctoral), developing new, supplementary modules and promoting innovative teaching methods. While spreading and encouraging excellence in learning and teaching is a fundamental part of all higher education institutions, it is especially important for EURECA-PRO in the development of new programmes, courses, and educational concepts across all partner universities. This development presents an opportunity to cement and enhance excellence in teaching and learning across the alliance and to prioritise students’ educational experience.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01281-9
Citation
Drebenstedt, C., Sishchuk, J., Palmer, L. et al., Education and Study Concepts at the European University Alliance EURECA-PRO. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 477–484 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01281-9
Abstract
This article describes the development of Europe-wide higher education and research. The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) is an educational initiative of the European Commission designed to increase staff and student mobility and improve the employability of graduates. In addition, the ERASMUS programme has enabled millions of students to study abroad. In the field of research, the European Union is pursuing the vision of a unified European Research Area (ERA), open to the whole world and allowing the free transfer of researchers, scientific knowledge, and technologies. To link ERA and EHEA, European University Networks have been established to develop “European Joint Degrees” to educate highly qualified future graduates with European values. The European University on REsponsible Consumption And PROduction (EURECA-PRO) has the ambitious goal of not only strengthening the EHEA and ERA but also of mapping the circularity of materials and material flows, including their environmental impacts, in teaching and research.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01276-6
Citation
Moser, P., Feiel, S. & Kircher, V., The (R)Evolution of European Education Policy: European Higher Education Alliances. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 457–461 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01276-6
Abstract

The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 12 is the foundation of the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production consortium (EURECA-PRO). This article introduces the eight EURECA-PRO partner universities: Montanuniversität Leoben (Austria), Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany), Technical University of Crete (Greece), University of León (Spain), Silesian University of Technology (Poland), Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany), University of Petroşani (Romania), and Hasselt University (Belgium). In addition, each university’s role within the alliance and unique research and study programmes are outlined. The synergy created by EURECA-PRO enables the pursuit of an ambitious research agenda with five research “Lighthouse Missions” as well as the implementation of joint study programmes.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01286-4
Citation
Kircher, V., Feiel, S., Bongaerts, J.C. et al. Eight Become One: the EURECA-PRO University Network. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 462–471 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01286-4
Abstract

Global environmental changes due to technological progress, the growing population, and the demand for more and more resources are affecting the natural regulatory circuits that control the Earth’s ecosystem. Preventing excessive environmental stress is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity. The signing of the Paris Climate Targets as well as the Sustainable Development Goals set the course for a departure from the current economic and production system. As a contribution to these challenges, the European University on REsponsible Consumption And PROduction (EURECA-PRO) was founded under the umbrella of the European Commission and the Erasmus program. Apart from a strategic education agenda, EURECA-PRO also defined an ambitious research agenda with currently five lighthouse topics which aim at the development of solutions to fight negative global environmental changes. EURECA-PRO uses synergies of a network of seven universities and a series of associated partners from different stakeholder groups.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01220-8
Citation
Kircher, V., Griebler, A., Feiel, S., Moser, P., Forschungsdimension der European University on Responsible Consumption and Production – EURECA-PRO. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 167, 187–192 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-022-01220-8
Abstract

The European Commission (EC) called for proposals to form European University Alliances (EUA) in 2019 and 2020 to promote Europe’s universities competitiveness in the world and strengthen the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) and European Research Area (ERA). With the objective to create a global educational core hub on Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 “responsible consumption and production”, a consortium of seven universities, led by Montanuniversität Leoben, received a three-year funding in 2020 for the development of a European University on REsponsible Consumption And PROduction (EURECA-PRO).

Publication Link

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-021-01149-4

Citation
Pichler, L., Egger, J., Feiel, S., Kircher, V. and Kosciuszko, A., EURECA-PRO: The European University on Responsible Consumption and Production. Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh 166, 500–504 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00501-021-01149-4
Abstract

In recent years, the implementation of sustainability has gained importance in all areas of global societal development as science has proven that climate change is a human induced and inevitable future circumstance if nothing is done to avert it. With strategies and frameworks such as the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the EU Green Deal, it has become clear which direction research and education will take in the future, towards an interdisciplinary and excellence-based approach to systemically solve today’s societal challenges for a better ecological and social future. Innovation, education, research and societal cooperation, known as the knowledge square, are key factors in reaching these goals. The framework of the European Universities offers an opportunity that can integrate all these factors, in promoting cooperation across borders, languages, and disciplines thereby being an ideal vehicle to address societal challenges of our time and related skills and knowledge shortages faced in Europe. Within the ERASMUS+ and H2020 Framework Programmed seven higher education institutions located in six different EU member states, namely Montanuniversität Leoben (Austria), Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg (Germany), University of Petrosani (Romania), University of León (Spain), Technical University of Crete (Greece), Silesian University of Technology (Poland) and Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany) joined forces and created a strong and unique European University in the field of Responsible Consumption and Production as defined in Sustainable Development Goal 12 of the United Nations: EURECA-PRO – The European University on REsponsible Consumption And PROduction. Its mission is a two-fold one: on the one hand, it aims at contributing creatively to the European Higher Education Transformation Agenda to stimulate seamless education and cooperation within Europe. On the other hand, it aims at becoming the European core excellence hub for responsible consumption and production converging all European and global activities, be it scientific, industrial or social, as well as all stakeholders in this field. Since Fall 2020 the consortium works on its goal to ultimately create a research and education agenda that systemically integrates all necessary interdisciplinary knowledge (technological, ecological, policy, economic, societal aspects etc.) to solve today’s pressing questions regarding consumption and production patterns and the transfer of solutions into society and industry. This is done by taking into consideration new technologies and processes that integrate material and resource flows towards responsible impact flows as well as complimentarily focusing on consumption behaviors and the factor human being in relation to these flows, thus putting the manifold influence factors in harmony to each other and the surrounding environment.

Publication Link

https://doi.org/DOI: 10.3217/978-3-85125-842-4-21

Citation
Feiel, S., Frühauf, S., Pichler, L., Kircher, V., Kosciuszko, A., Egger, J., EURECA-PRO: The European university on responsible consumption and production: an alliance for sustainability. Proceedings of the 20th European Round Table on Sustainable Consumption and Production, Graz., S. 153–167 (2021). https://doi.org/DOI: 10.3217/978-3-85125-842-4-21
Abstract

In the frame of the ERASMUS+ Framework Programme seven higher education institutions located in six different European Union (EU) member states, namely the University of Leoben (Austria), the Technical University Freiberg (Germany), the University of Petrosani (Romania), the University of León (Spain), the Technical University of Crete (Greece), the Silesian University of Technology (Poland) and the Mittweida University of Applied Sciences (Germany) joined forces and aim to create a strong and unique European University in the field of Responsible Consumption and Production (RCP): EURECA-PRO, https://staging1.eurecapro.eu/. This university has a two-fold societal and planetary mission. On the one hand, it will holistically contribute to the very important issue of RCP under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12, and on the other hand, it will effectively contribute to the transformation of the European Higher Education Area complimentarily to SDG 4. EURECA-PRO started on November 1, 2020 and by 2025 aims to be well-known throughout Europe for its competence as an educational core hub and as interdisciplinary research and innovation leader in qualitative environmental and social framework development for sustainable consumption and production of goods as well as for responsible systems design. By 2040 EURECA-PRO aims to be the global educational core hub and interdisciplinary research and innovation leader in qualitative environmental and social framework development for RCP of resources and goods. This will comprise technological, ecological, policy, economic and societal aspects and their transfer into the society and industry. Staff and future graduates will acquire sustainable, interdisciplinary, intercultural and systemic thinking engrained in their natural way of operation, fostering a prosperous societal development and a healthy economy, while at the same time relieving environmental pressures.

Publication Link
–
Citation
Moser, P., Feiel, S., Barbknecht, K-D., Diamadopoulos, E., Mężyk, A., Baelo, R., Radu, S. M., Hilmer, L., & Komnitsas, K., EURECA-PRO, The European University Alliance on Responsible Consumption and Production, in Proceedings of the European Metallurgical Conference 2021, 1 Aufl., Band 1, S. 1-15 (2021).

Publications related to Responsible Material Flows (LH1)

Abstract
Since August of 2019, a small team of researchers at Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg have been training students and young researchers on the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) with several software packages called UMBERTO+, GaBi and LCA Open access for the purpose of investigating the environmental impacts of processes along their entire Life Cycle. LCA is not new, since researchers started to develop and expand the theoretical background and the methodology already in the early seventies of the last century, except that LCA studies on the extraction, treatment and management of natural resources are not very common. That is why, in Freiberg, our focus is on processes in mining and in mineral processing, especially with respect to minerals and metals with critical relevance for new technological developments, such as decarbonization, the energy transition and the circular economy
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_20
Citation
Bongaerts, J.C., Drebenstedt, C. (2023). Life Cycle Assessment for the Primary Raw Materials Extraction Industry. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_20
Abstract
The paper presents what has been labeled Fair Trade certification and how it can aid in the economic growth of communities. The aim of this paper is twofold: On the one hand, to assess the impact of Fair Trade on developing coun-tries and its relationship with the Sustainable Development Goals. This shall be done through a review of the literature, using as a representative example the NGO Fairtrade L.O. International. On the other hand, to try to understand the perception of this certification among consumers, since trust in the effectiveness of Fair-Trade Standards is key to the purchase of its products. The conclusion presents evidence arguing that Fair Trade dynamics can indeed foster sustainable and fairer production, more consistent with the dignity of every human being. Thus, it has the potential to impact positively developing countries, firms seeking to fulfill CSR standards and -given the necessary trust in these organizations- address the niche for consumers in developed economies seeking sustainable and humane production.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_27
Citation
Alemany, A.P.F., Herrera, L., Muñoz-Doyague, M.F. (2023). Fair Trade and the Sustainable Development Goals: An Opportunity for Sustainable Production and Consumption. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_27
Abstract
This paper aims at bringing out the complexities of Sustainable Development Goal 12, Responsible Consumption and Production. This is done in the context of the EURECA-PRO initiative, the European University on Responsible Consumption and Production. The author argues that the official description of SDG 12 takes responsibility and sustainability to have the same meaning, as well as producers and consumers to be enlightened and behaving voluntarily in a re-sponsible manner. In a more differentiated approach, responsibility means taking concrete actions towards strategic sustainability goals. Producers take on this responsibility only in a voluntary manner, when it pays off for them not to keep externalizing the socio-ecological costs of their actions. Consumers do not automatically act responsibly either, since many of them do not have the capabilities or economic possibilities to take part in responsible consumption. Concluding, the author argues that collective agency can be a way towards holding corporations accountable for their actions, as well as towards creating possibilities for consumers to participate in responsible consumption practices.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_28
Citation
Kollnig, S. (2023). About Responsibility in Production and Consumption. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_28
Abstract

Around one-third of produced food is wasted, which is almost 1.3 billion tons of food per year, affecting the world economically, environmentally, and socially. Over the years, different solutions for food waste have been developed; however, machine learning within this area has not been sufficiently explored. The food rescue process is very time sensitive since the food can be close to turning rancid, so forecasting the supply of food to be donated could significantly increase the amount of food being rescued. Our objective is to optimise the use of food and reduce food waste in supermarkets. We propose a framework to predict the amount of expiring products donated with machine learning models.
In the paper, a first test of the framework, using simulated data, is presented, showing that the Support Vector Regression would be the most appropriate machine learning model for the framework, giving a score of 0.732While the paper shows that the framework can generate valuable results, the difficulties with applying it to the real world lie in the data acquisition phase. Supermarkets are private companies that might not be willing to share their business data, which is a problem for future research.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_31
Citation
Cheng, J., Gärde, M., Cecilia, J.M., Poza-Lujan, JL. (2023). Reducing Food Waste in Supermarkets with Machine Learning. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_31
Abstract
Amidst growing concerns about sustainability of composite materials, the renewed push towards adoption of bio-based polymer/natural fiber reinforced composites (Bio composite) are gaining increasing demands for various applications which are being the environmental and eco-friendly alternative to synthetic composite materials. Hence, the bio based composite development should be integrated in the circular economy (CE) model to ensure a sustainable production that leads to the conception of closed loops in which resources are in the circulation of production and consumption. However, ironically, the environmental sustainability of composite materials itself is still a challenge, due to the difficulty of recycling and reusing its components when the products reach the end of their useful life. In this context, a holistic attainment of sustainability makes it imperative to adapt sustainable practices not only for raw materials but at every stage of the product. Hence, this work provides a detailed exploration of the appropri-ate processing of natural fiber-reinforced bio-polymer composites and an insight on using recycled bio based composite constituents which could lead to a reduc-tion in material waste and environmental footprints.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_33
Citation
Ravindran, B., Schledjewski, R. (2023). Circularity and Sustainability of Bio-Based Polymer/Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_33
Abstract
This work studies the behaviour of diatoms in artificial culture environments and analyses the biodeposition of diatom frustules in different sizes of mixed recycled aggregates. In order to be able to use this biodeposition as a surface treatment and improve the properties of this material for its effective use in recycled concrete. Surface analyses show that the density of diatoms in biofilm formation depends on the aggregate size, being better in smaller aggregates of 4-6.3 mm diameter. However, the diversity of diatoms is higher in aggregates with fractions of 8 to 12.5 mm. The combination of these tests demonstrates that dia-tom biodeposition is feasible in artificial environments for possible use as a pro-tective surface treatment of cement-based building materials.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_37
Citation
Merino-Maldonado, D. et al. (2023). Biodeposition of Diatoms in Recycled Aggregates. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_37
Abstract
In the present scenario, the concept of circular economy is over-whelming in every sector and it also receives attention to overcome the continuous growth and increasing natural resource utilization. One of the major policies in concrete production is to reduce the cost of concrete without compromis-ing the quality of concrete itself. Researchers are looking to derive a solution for resource scarcity, the usage of wastes from industries without properly polluting the environment, and nowadays it becomes more significant than ever before. This article discusses the circular economy policies that can be implemented for concrete production. One of the best options available to reduce the negative impact generated by the concrete sector is the circular economy concept. This article discusses the lenient views of political, social, and legal features and is vital to integrating the solid issues of technical, environmental, and economic features.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_50
Citation
Jagadesh, P. et al. (2023). Circular Economy Policies in the Concrete Production. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society. EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_50
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a global anthropogenic threat to all environmental compartments. The current plastic waste management practices include recy-cling, composting, and incineration for energy recovery or deposition in landfills, resulting in leaks into the natural environment at each stage. Interdisciplinary re-search and innovation perspectives in policymaking connecting the different ac-tors in the plastic value chain would ensure the closure of material loops, safe-guard human health, reduce climate change impacts, and promote biodiversity. This short paper provides an overview of the pervasive nature of plastic waste and microplastics in the natural environment, outlining a harmonious, systematic, and collaborative approach to tackling the plastics value chain while offering a potential circularity of material flows aligned with the principles of a circular plastic economy. Finally, a case is made to incorporate sustainable, restorative, and regenerative plastics production, use, and after-use as one of the unique in-dicators of Sustainable Development Goal 12. Ensuring sustainable consumption and production patterns in the plastics landscape will demand the development of product standards and a holistic assessment methodology to guide the design of circular products, services, and business models.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_51
Citation
Tumwet, F.C., Scheytt, T. (2023). Plastic Pollution and the Need for Responsible Plastic Consumption and Waste Management. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_51
Abstract
Natural resources are essential for human well-being, quality of life and health. Current consumption of these resources is disproportionate, with a markedly commercial character. The need arises to change the current paradigm of consumption towards a responsible and sustainable consumption in line with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12. Thus, from the Ponferrada campus (University of León), under the Eureca Pro project, a series of initiatives based on sustainable education through learning based on practice have been devel-oped. The main objective was to raise awareness and sensitise the general popu-lation about those behaviours that allow us to achieve the goals set out in SDG 12 in relation to healthy lifestyles, making known sustainable alternatives that benefit our quality of life. Three workshops and a community activity addressed responsible consumption in relation to healthy nutritional habits and the use of clothing and accessories. From the point of view of the university as a healthy environment, a promoter of health, through the revitalisation of the local envi-ronment and its economy, the focus was on education, awareness and empower-ment, key elements for a more sustainable development of societies and econo-mies. It is necessary to carry out more programmes aimed at the acquisition of knowledge and the development of attitudes and skills that allow people to decide about their future in a conscious and responsible way, as well as the execution of these decisions based on responsible, sustainable and healthy consumption.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_55
Citation
Calvo-Ayuso, N., Marqués-Sánchez, P., Martínez-Fernández, M.C., García-Fernández, R., Martín Vázquez, C., Pinto Carral, A. (2023). Health, Habits and Responsible and Sustainable Consumption. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_55
Abstract
The use of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) is one of the most popular methods of strengthening existing reinforced concrete structures nowadays. Many civil engineering structures (e.g. bridges) are strengthened in this way. Due to the reduction of costs and environmental impact through the decrease of construction waste and lower production of new construction materials (e.g. cement responsible for significant emission of CO2), it is still eco-nomically and environmentally justified to strengthen existing structures rather than demolish old ones and build new ones. After many years of using CFRP strengthening techniques, more and more concerns are dictated by its lifetime durability, gradual deterioration as well as quality assessment of the bond be-tween composite and concrete. Although available manufacturers’ design guide-lines for nondestructive evaluation strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) struc-tures indicate possible inspection methods, in the practice, they are limited mainly to visual inspection and tap tests. So far, it is not clear if any acceptable level of defect size in FRP-bonded members exists; thus, if any air voids or de-lamination are detected, the laminate should be replaced with the new one. This process in the performed in situ technically simple tests relies mostly on the worker’s perception. The lack of qualitative and quantitative guidelines for ac-ceptable defect levels may lead to conservative conclusions and unnecessary economic and environmental loss. On the other hand, recent studies [1][2] show that FRP strengthening systems are capable of remain a specific value of mem-ber capacity even when some defects exist in the bond. The main aim of this study is to highlight the issue of extending the lifetime of the passive CFRP strengthening system of RC structures by adopting the damage tolerance ap-proach and chosen concept of quality assessment workflow by pushing existing strengthening to its limits, simultaneously maintaining structure in acceptable conditions in terms of safety or serviceability. Facing the fact of the common and massive use of FRP strengthening over the last three decades around the world, such a new approach in the area of quantitative diagnostic may be con-sidered one of the basic tools for the extension of the life of structures and reducing the environmental impact of the construction sector.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_59
Citation
Rafał, B., Marcin, G. (2023). Damage Tolerance Approach in the Concept of Quality Control Workflow of Passive CFRP Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Structures. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_59

Publications related to Environment and Water (LH2)

Abstract
Consumers’ unconscious perception of packaging is essential, especially regarding food products where people usually have to choose among relatively similar products. In addition, this perception can be affected by the opinions of other users published on social networks. Researchers must set new goals to better understand user behavior through the information they have at their fingertips, and which influences them. The application of neuromarketing and artificial intelligence techniques to packaging has recently gained considerable popularity both, in academia and practice. With the combination of these methodologies, this study explores how people process and communicate healthy food products, and how people’s thoughts and behaviors are informative to other users when it comes to understanding their consumption patterns. Two studies have been carried out. The first one with an eye-tracking technique, in which the attention of 20 participants has been analyzed through first fixation and fixation duration metrics. The second study is based on 448 comments from users who have posted their opposition on the social network Instagram.The results obtained show, on the one hand, that healthy statements in food packaging attract unconscious attention, and on the other hand, that healthy claims on food packaging are not enough to achieve consumer satisfaction after purchasing the products. Our study is one of the first to analyze how people perceive unconsciously and consciously healthy products, and how they talk after trying them.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_35
Citation
Costa-Feito, A., Blanco-Moreno, S. (2023). Unconscious and Conscious Aspects of Healthy Food Consumption: A Neuromarketing and Artificial Intelligence Approach. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_35
Abstract
This study assessed the residual contaminant load of three groups of artisanal gold mining (ASM) impacted lands, thereafter, phytoremediation techniques using Jatropha curcas, Manihot esculenta and organic amendments were used for mitigation. A total of 110 soil samples from 30 ASM sites were investigated for their total contents of Cd, As, Pb, Hg, Zn, Fe and Al. After sample digestion, ICP-MS was used for content determinations. Using activated neem seed extracts (NE) and poultry manure (PM) at different application rates, the phytoremediation potentials of Jatropha curcas and Manihot esculenta were assessed for 270 days after planting. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS statistics 28 for the ANOVA. The results indicated mining spoils were suppliers of toxic elements in the soil however, their distributions per contaminant varied based on the properties of the ore materials mined. As a result, mine spoils created the processing of oxide and underground rock ores supplied contents of As, Fe, Al, Cd and Zn much more than alluvial mining sites and above tolerable threshold levels. Both J. curcas and M. esculenta exhibited phytostabilizing potentials as larger portions of absorbed elements were stored in their root organs. However, the application of a 25% mixture of neem seed extract and poultry manure or 25% poultry manure only (w/w) to soils reduced the uptake capacity of potentially toxic elements by J. curcas and M. esculenta of 19- 38% and 10.4- 45% respectively
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_18
Citation
Mensah, M.K., Drebenstedt, C., Ola, I.M., Okoroafor, P.U., Wiafe, E.D. (2023). Ecological Risks of Post-artisanal Mining Sites and Their Sustainable Cleaning Techniques. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_18
Abstract
Forests provide many services to society but climate change, biotic, and abiotic forest disturbances are altering ecological systems. Among these, Mediterranean pine forests, distinctive environmental elements of the Italian coastal area for both natural and historical reasons, are particularly susceptible. As evidenced by numerous wind damages, drought stress, and more recently Toumeyella parvicornis infestation in central Italy. On the other hand, there is a lack of reliable and spatialized data on the spread of infestations and stress states. In this context, their monitoring using all available sources of information is essential. In this study, we used Sentinel-2 optical data to monitor the health status and damage that occurred to Mediterranean pine forests in Italy in recent years (2018-2022). In terms of damaged area, we identified a growing trend over the years (4.5% of Italian Mediterranean pine forests in 2018, 4.0% in 2019, 6.4% in 2020, and 14.6% in 2021), with an abrupt increase in 2022 (24.2%). While our model was calibrated using reference data available for a Mediterranean pine forest study area of about 1000 ha in central Italy and 80% accuracy was reported, more exhaustive reference data should be used for providing solid estimates. On the other hand, Sentinel-2 data proved to be a rel-evant source of information, pointing to a very serious situation for Mediterra-nean pine forests.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_15
Citation
D’Amico, G. et al. (2023). Multitemporal Optical Remote Sensing to Support Forest Health Condition Assessment of Mediterranean Pine Forests in Italy. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_15
Abstract
The current study aims to argue, as objectively as possible, the importance of a transition to green energy, and also tries to cover several perspectives, but with an emphasis on the social and financial economic perspectives. It is an attempt to raise awareness of the importance of the growing ecofriendly economy, and also to educate as much as possible the civil society and the political class as well as the businesspeople and the citizens, trying to convince them that this transition to green and renewable energy is profitable from all points of view. Transitioning to green energy is more difficult in the mining areas due to the nonindustrial aspect and must take into consideration all the socioeconomical aspects that arise from the closing of the mines. Also, we have to be aware of the fact that the transition to green energy is a long process that will reshape communities and futures.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_13
Citation
Bartalis, AM. (2023). The Cost of Going Green in the Jiu Valley. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_13
Abstract
Noise is considered the second largest environmental cause of ill health in western Europe. Despite the efforts made, the current situation in Eu-ropean cities reflects that the zero pollution ambition from the European Green Deal vision regarding noise exposure reduction is far away. The tendency shows that noise exposure may continue increasing with a global increase of the analyzed data of 7% in 2017 compared to 2012. The present work reflects on the policies and challenges that the sound environment in Europe is facing, exemplify through 2012 and 2017 data from the European main cities situation regarding population noise exposure and the following actions to improve the city sound environment. An exposition of a series of aspects that may help to change the trend regarding noise exposure and the irresponsible territory consumption practices.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_9
Citation
Estévez-Mauriz, L., Riaño, J.C., de Barrios Carro, M., de Barrios Carro, M.Á. (2023). The Zero Pollution Ambition. European Main Cities Urban Sound Environment Analysis. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_9
Abstract
In the current context, the situation of the Spanish rural environment, its depopulation, as well as the alternatives that must be addressed from the public administration to address this problem, possesses within the agenda of the State to find a way to revitalize the countryside, in particular to light of the most recent world events that have occurred since 2020, which have evidenced that the food strength of the country goes hand in hand with the generation of strategies that to serve the increasingly depopulated rural environment. We intend to make a brief illustration of this phenomenon, making a global analysis of the situation to then focus on the province of León, analyzing the causes of the depopulation of its rural environment, the negative vegetative growth that has been experienced in recent decades and that still impacts the region today, the consequences that this situation has brought to the countryside, as well as the strategies, public actions and policies developed at the administrative level to address this a problem that is spreading more and more throughout the various Spanish Autonomous Com-munities. With this panorama in mind, we will review the trends related to sustainable tourism, the viability of implement a sustainable tourism strategy aimed at demographic revitalization for the Province of León, the responsible use of its resources natural resources, as well as the guarantee of their survival, within a component of public policy for the sustainable growth of environments.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_6
Citation
Ávila Hernández, A.C. (2023). The Role of Public Policies and Sustainable Tourism to Face the Demographic Challenge and Sustainable Production. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_6
Abstract
Soil is an indispensable resource for the development of the ecosystems, also working as a support for the human activities, being essential for the agricultural productivity. There are many soil degradation risks that cause a quality deterioration. One of the major risks is soil salinity, caused by the accumulation of salts both naturally and anthropically. For this reason, prevention measures are needed. To this end, soil properties inference and modelling result essential. Thus, the main objective of this research is to find the most useful environmental covariates for modeling soil salinity through the application of the Digital Soil Mapping (DSM) methodology in an irrigated rural area in Castile and Leon (Spain). For this purpose, 132 soil samples from two different laboratories were used, which contained electrical conductivity measured in saturated paste (ECx). In addition, several environmental covariates related to soil salinity were employed to perform a statistical analysis through the combination of multiple linear regression (MLR) and generalized linear models (GLM). Afterwards, the best prediction model and its explanatory covariates were selected. The MLR showed R2 values between 0.382 and 0.581 for the laboratories analyzed. In turn, all the models almost had the same main covariates, which were associated to remote sensing indices and topographic variables. Finally, it was concluded that the method is useful to determine the most im-portant variables for modeling soil salinity, allowing more accurate predictions, identifying which susceptible areas need preventive measures and helping to achieve those SDGs targets that involve soil’s conservation.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_64
Citation
Rodríguez-Fernández, J., Ferrer-Juliá, M., Alcalde-Aparicio, S. (2023). Evaluation of Different Environmental Covariates Performance for Modeling Soil Salinity Using Digital Soil Mapping in a Susceptible Irrigated Rural Area. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_64
Abstract
Raw materials are essential for the green and digital (twin) transition society needs to accomplish to reach climate targets and neutrality by 2050. This is because they supply renewable energy and digital technologies allowing climate-resilient development pathways. On the other hand, the extraction and processing of raw materials contribute to GHGs and therefore to climate change impacting the environment. The author explores the controversial discussion on the topic of raw materials and climate change in the literature on Web of Science and Google Scholar from 1900 to the present. Literature review, bibliographic coupling and natural language techniques reveal that the raw materials and climate change nexus is a current topic with over 57% of the literature being published between 2018 and the present day. Furthermore, it relates to interdisciplinary research and the interconnectedness of different disciplines and sectors. Therefore, a systemic approach is suggested when investigating this topic. The literature highlights that even though a transition to a renewable energy system will be mineral intensive, it is feasible to enforce resulting in reduced GHGs emissions when compared to fossil fuel-based scenarios.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_62
Citation
Passarella, M. (2023). Investigating the Relation Between Raw Materials and Climate Change in the Literature. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_62
Abstract
Understanding the patterns and mechanisms underlying community structure and composition along altitudinal gradients is key for modern ecology and biogeography; indeed, this research agenda can provide a useful toolbox to forecast the consequences of climate change on present-day ecosystems. However, spatial variation of zooplankton communities at different elevations has rarely been addressed, and most available research on aquatic systems has focused on species richness only. Here, we aim to study the effect of elevation on zooplankton communities, both in terms of species composition and abundance. NMDS analysis was performed to examine community-level patterns in the ordination space between plateau and mountain ponds. In addition, we used SIMPER to assess whether these ponds differed in the composition of zooplankton communities and identify species groups that contributed to biotic dissimilarities between mountain and lowland regions. Mann–Whitney’s tests were run to verify the existence of statistical differences in the total abundance and relative abundances of constant, rare and accessory species between plateau and mountain ponds. Our findings illustrate a clear patterning in zooplankton community composition and abundance between mountain and lowland ponds in a geographically extensive area of the Iberian Peninsula. These contrasting patterns were correlated with a set of environmental features that vary concomitantly along altitudinal gradients (e.g., mean annual temperature, ionic content, nutrient concentration and the development of dense aquatic plant stands). Accessory species contributed most to total abundance at increasingly lower elevations, although small-sized rotifers were the dominant component of zooplankton communities in both pond types. These results should bring certainty to predictions about the effects of future climate on freshwaters, especially in the context of the potential consequences of altitudinal migrations on the spatial variation of community composition and abundance of these small planktonic animals.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_53
Citation
Manzanal, S., García-Girón, J., Fernández-Aláez, C. (2023). Contrasting Compositional and Abundance Patterns in Zooplankton Communities Between Mountain and Lowland Ponds. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_53
Abstract
Forest restoration activities and tree plantations play an important role in com-bating global warming. On the other hand, quantifying their carbon storage is a challenging task due to very short rotations and the effort and costs required for field analysis, often in remote and hardly accessible regions. In this context, remote sensing combined with new cloud computing platforms offers unprece-dented opportunities for monitoring tree plantations globally. In this study, we implemented and demonstrated over a 20-ha tree plantation in Guatemala an approach that exploits Sentinel-2 imagery time series derived met-rics and cloud-free composites for mapping carbon storage. Ground data were collected over 20 plots (10-meters radius) to train and validate our model, which performance resulted in high (R2 =0.69, RMSE=35%). Plus, we estimated the amount of carbon stored in the study area and the relative confidence intervals. Using exclusively the ground data, we estimated the aver-age net equivalent CO2 as 4.95 Mg ha−1 ± 0.9 Mg ha−1, with a confidence interval of 95%. Nevertheless, exploiting the herein presented model and statistical pro-cedure, the estimate was much more precise and the ratio between the variances of the design-based and the model-assisted estimates was 7.1, meaning that, by using remote sensing data, it is possible to reduce the ground sample size by a factor of 7.1 while obtaining estimates with the same precision of those do not exploiting remote sensing data. This is a crucial point for meaningful reducing the effort and the cost required for collecting data on tree plantations while still obtaining statistically rigorous estimates.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_47
Citation
Francini, S., Vangi, E., D’Amico, G., Cencini, G., Monari, C., Chirici, G. (2023). Mapping and Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Storage in Forest Plantations. The Contribution of the Sentinel-2 Time Series in Increasing Estimates Precision. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_47
Abstract
Having a damage/stress detection and monitoring system in semi-real time will allow a quantitative improvement in the poplar (Pop-ulus spp.) sector, from the point of view of sustainable and responsible wood production. The aim of this work was to develop a near-real-time system for monitoring water stress in poplar clone plantations using the sap flow density measured by ecophysiological sensors and transmitted by the Internet of Things (IoT). Results showed a high correlation between the sap flow density and the growth in diameter measured weekly in the field for trees under water stress (Pearson’s r >0.81) and confirmed the suitability of this variable as an early warning indicator of damage to poplars due to water stress. In an early warning system for water stress, an average sap flux density value of 0.7-0.8 between 12 pm and 3 pm could be used as a threshold, since sap density fluxes under that value have showed weekly growth values of zero or close to zero.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_41
Citation
Grisales-Sanchez, I., Arthus-Bacovich, R., Castedo-Dorado, F., Garnica-López, J., Álvarez-Taboada, F. (2023). Near-Real Time Forest Health Monitoring Using Ecophysiological Sensors and the Internet of Things (IoT). A Study Case for Water Stress in Sustainable Poplar Plantations. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_41
Abstract

The present paper is in fact a continuation of a research effort started approx. 16 years ago, and whose main purpose is to follow the process of trans-formation of rocks from coal mining waste dumps into a fertile soil. Thus, during 2022, a new sampling campaign was carried out from the Petrila waste dump, which was later subjected to laboratory tests in order to determine the main characteristics that define the soil. These new data can be seen as the result of a periodic monitoring process and they complement the systematic study carried out between 2006 and 2011 (this study also included research related to the ecological succession of the phytocoenoses present on the Petrila dump). According to these latest analyses, the soil formation process is an active one, relatively slow, being highlighted by the increase in the content of nutrients and organic substances in the composition of the dumped material compared to the previously determined concentrations, as well as by the increase in the total and physiologically useful thickness of the soil layer. The results of this study are important for the next period, when the last 4 active dumps in Jiu Valley will be put into conservation, providing relevant information regarding the pedogenesis process that takes place on these dumps, under the exclusive influence of natu-ral factors.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_29
Citation
Lazar, M., Dunca, EC., Faur, F., Apostu, IM., Irimie, S. (2023). Study on the Soil Formation Process on the Mining Waste Dumps from Jiu Valley (Romania). A Case Study. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_29
Abstract
The ongoing biodiversity crisis has urged the scientific community to concentrate more research efforts on the mechanisms underlying the mass extinctions that have repeatedly affected our planet in deep time. This work implements a novel combination of palaeoecological and statistical routines to assess disruptions in the trophic architecture of non-avian dinosaur communities across the latest Cretaceous (83.6-66.0 Mya) of North America. Using these extinct beasts as model organisms, this work aims at increasing our ability to predict the susceptibility of ecological communities to extinction events under different levels of environmental disturbance. There was a trophic shift in the large, bulk-feeding herbivorous ornithischians and theropod carnivores during the Campanian-Maastrichtian transition that led to a simplification of North American terrestrial food webs several million years before the asteroid impact. Their disappearance during the Maastrichtian (72.0-66.0 Mya) made terrestrial communities more prone to extinction in the aftermath of the Chicxulub impact, which suggests that conservation schemes should pay special attention to keystone species in present-day food webs. In conclusion, palaeoecological transitions in the fossil record provide a valuable source of information for predicting the potential consequences of large-scale disturbances on contemporary biodiversity.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_30
Citation
Muñoz-Martín, O., García-Girón, J. (2023). Can the Fate of the Non-avian Dinosaurs Help us to Predict the Consequences of the Ongoing Biodiversity Crisis?. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_30
Abstract
Socio-environmental sustainability in oceans implies that marine fisheries should be sustainable, and the Education for Sustainable Consumption could promote sustainable artisanal fishing. Our survey on elementary school teachers’ perceptions on fish ecolabels, including environmental and social values of sustainable fisheries, showed positives opinions. However, most of them do not read the labels information of products in fishmongers and supermarkets before making their purchases. With the aim to provide teacher resources on sustainable fisheries, an educative experience linking Environmental Education, Education for Sustainable Consumption, and knowledge about small-scale fishing is proposed. This didactic sequence includes explanatory activities, reflection and debate on responsible consumption, sustainable fisheries and ecolabels, as well as game-based learning activities. This intervention will promote students to be aware of de concept of sustainable fisheries concept, training them towards responsible consumption through critical and supportive attitudes related to Sustainable Global Goals 12 (ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns) and 14 (conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources).
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_54
Citation

Paredes-Rodríguez, A.C., Torralba-Burrial, A., Dopico, E. (2023). Teachers’ Perceptions of Fisheries Ecolabels and Game-Based Learning Activities in the Framework of Education for Sustainable Consumption. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_54

Abstract
Efficient valorization of biomass is one of the most important aspects of circular economy. Obtaining valuable products from renewable materials, using ecological methods, is a key factor in natural environment protection. In many cases the first step of biomass valorization is removal of lignin from plant material. This process can significantly improve further transformations to final products, such as organic acids or monosaccharides. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are green chemicals, which have the ability to extract lignin from lignocellulosic material with high efficiency. In this paper we present an efficient method for lignin removal from plant material, using ecological deep eutectic solvents, based on choline chloride. We used waste biomass such as grass, rye straw and walnut shells. The best results were achieved in processes with DESs containing organic acids, such as lactic acid and malonic acid. Also, the impact of temperature of a process was examined – the largest amounts of extracted lignin were gained by delignification at 100°C. The main goal of lignin removal from plant material is enhancing further transformation of biomass, e.g. enzymatic hydrolysis, in order to increase the yield of valuable products. We carried out the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated plant material with cellulase from Aspergillus niger. The effectiveness of biological transformations was improved, if delignification of biomass was previously performed. This effect was especially visible in case of soft material processing.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_60
Citation
Wawoczny, A., Kuc, M., Gillner, D. (2023). Effective Biomass Delignification with Deep Eutectic Solvents. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_60

Publications related to Sustainable Materials and Products (LH3)

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential and at the same time critical resource, as there are barely any available reserves in the European Union, which means that there is a dependence on imports from non-EU countries. In these countries, there are critical working and environmental conditions for which social responsibility must be taken. To address these challenges, municipal sewage sludge has to be utilized since it has a huge potential to produce sustainable P-fertilizers. Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) is an energy-improved treatment of sewage sludge and enhances the dewatering properties. The remaining process water contains a significant nutrient content, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P). For a future project, the recovery potential of P was investigated for Germany, Austria and Switzerland (DACH region). The forecasted P recovery potential in the DACH region until 2030 covers 25 % of the annual P demand and the environmental impact due to the conventional industrial production of P fertilizer could be reduced dramatically (up to 63 t of CO2 emissions can be saved per year). To identify the sustainable development goals (SDGs) which are primarily addressed by the project, the following question was formulated: What effects does the technology have in terms of sustainability (social, ecological, economic)? The investigation showed that SDGs 8, 11, 12, and 13 are mainly focused. The investigations serve as a basis for a future project, which is shortly introduced in this work, where the nutrients, as well as heavy metals, will be recovered by an innovative combination of three novel processes.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_19
Citation
Andritz, M. (2023). Innovative Treatment of Municipal Sewage Sludge Using Hydrothermal Carbonization and Nutrient Recovery Technologies. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_19
Abstract
The selection of proper strategies for degradation and useful product conversion of fiber composites is driven by various environmental and economic factors. Recycling end-of-life (EOL) waste of wind turbine (WT) blade composites is a critical challenge for the renewable energy sector because of its complex composition. The focus of this study is to degrade the complex resins of wind turbine blades to produce useful chemical compounds through the oxy-liquefaction technique under subcritical water conditions. Wind turbine blades have various resins including epoxy resins, glass fibers, and carbon fibers, and they are not easy to separate so the recovery of resin as an individual component is not an easy task. The treatment of selected waste material is carried out at the temperature range of 250 to 350oC with starting pressure of 20 to 40 bar. The effect of varying weight percentages of oxygen, waste to liquid ratio and residence time on resin degradation has also been studied. Production of various chemical compounds including volatile fatty acids and benzene, toluene and xylene (BTXs) and their dependency on the extent of resin degradation have been checked by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis. Identification of the various chemical compounds against different retention times and temperatures in gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) has also been presented. High resin degradation is an identification of the fact that the oxi-liquefaction technique has the potential to effectively treat the wind turbine blades and support the concept of waste to resource recovery.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_17
Citation
Mumtaz, H., Werle, S., Sobek, S., Sajdak, M., Muzyka, R. (2023). Resin Degradation of End-of-Life Wind Turbine Blades to Produce Useful Chemical Compounds in the Context of Waste to Resource Recovery. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_17
Abstract

In recent decades, the unsustainability of mass production and consumption models has become evident. The sustainable food market is born in response to the growing demand for products that are respectful with the Planet and compromised with the health of human beings. Responsible Consumers lead this new market, by being conscious of the impact of their consumption patterns and by choosing the products, to make up their diet and lifestyle, that contribute to build a more Sustainable and Fair Food System. The present study focuses on analyzing and defining Sustainable Consumer profile’s: its behavior, its habits, its preferences; as well as those variables and factors that inhibit or motivate the consumption of Sustainable Food. Reaching a better understanding of one the main agents of the transition of the agri-food system towards a more sustainable one is key for both, private and public organizations, as this new market is booming and will continue growing in the coming years.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_16
Citation

Alonso, M.A.S., Abella, V.M., Martínez, I.B. (2023). Sustainable Food, Key for the Future of the Planet: Getting to Know the European Consumer of Sustainable Products. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_16

Abstract
The world is witnessing various substantial risks and how ecological and climate changes can affect our daily lives, such as ecological and climate ones. The United Nations has established the SDG17 goals for sustainable development till the year 2030. Governments and organizations were assigned to engage people and indi-viduals in societies to contribute in the maintenance of sustainability. Higher education institutions took part as they are the vital agents for change and enhancing students’ prosocial behaviours, by adapting policies and curriculums that the core subject is sus-tainable development and responsible production and consumption. This study is a sys-tematic review to analyze how universities’ implementation of SDG12 helps students develop prosocial behaviours. Findings demonstrated that students’ approach to posi-tive environmental actions is due to the activities, campaign and educational models offered by universities. Also, it shows that joining forces with universities can contrib-ute in achieving more goals on a larger scale.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_14
Citation
Zitouni, A., Baelo, R. (2023). How Implementing SDG 12 in Teaching Helps Students Develop Prosocial Skills?. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_14
Abstract

The publication presents an inventory of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) equipped with neodymium (NdFeB) magnets, which, when
decommissioned, will be able to become a source of REE procurement. These magnets contain Rare Earth Elements (REEs) such as neodymium, dysprosium and praseodymium. Products equipped with NdFeB magnets have been identified: computer hardware, consumer electronics, wind power generators, and electric-powered vehicles. A prospective source of REE acquisition could be HDDs and speakers in laptops and phones, which account for about 10% of the analysed equipment containing NdFeB magnets. 

A study of the selected WEEE – hard disk drive in terms of material properties was carried out. The following analyses were performed: phase composition studies (XRD), microstructure studies (SEM-EDS), micro-area chemical composition studies (S/TEM) and hardness studies. Based on the studies, the material for the cutting knives of the twin-shaft shredder was selected. Three variants of cutting knives differing in the number of blades on the perimeter were developed in Autodesk Inventor 2023. Variants with three, four and five blades were considered. Strength calculations were then carried out using the Nastran plug-in. A force was applied to the cutting knife blades, from which von Mises stresses and strains were determined.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_12
Citation
Friebe, P., Suponik, T., Nuckowski, P.M. (2023). Research on Hard Drives in the Context of the Construction of Shredding Knives in the Recovery of Rare Earth Elements. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_12
Abstract
The article presents and compares the results of metal separation from pulverized printed circuit board waste (PCBs) using physical and physicochemi-cal processing methods. PCBs type FR4 were used for the research, which were ground at cryogenic temperatures using a knife mill. Separation processes for the same feed were carried out using electrostatic and gravitational separation, and flotation. Compared to the other PCB recycling methods, the ones presented in the paper have a lower environmental impact and allow the reuse of both met-als and non-metallic parts. The highest efficiency was for electrostatic separation, as a result of which the following products were obtained: 26.2% wt. metal prod-uct, 2.8% wt. middlings and 71%wt. a product containing non-metallic parts. The products obtained in this way are easy to use in other processes. A product containing valuable metals can be processed in local metal processing plants, while shredded non-metallic parts can be a good filler for epoxy resin composites. Furthermore, electrostatic separation in comparison to other used methods has the lowest environmental impact because there was no need to use water and complications associated with it. Thus, the technology of PCB recycling pro-posed in the work is characterized by high efficiency and is environmentally friendly.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_8
Citation
Franke, D.M., Suponik, T., Nuckowski, P.M. (2023). Physical Processing in Waste Printed Circuit Boards Recycling: Current State of Research. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_8
Abstract
Reduction of CO2 emissions, energy consumption and waste production can be achieved by using building materials with low energy footprint. This research proposes the use of local agri-food wastes, invasive plants and lime or clay-based binders in the preparation of lightweight composites as construction materials. More specifically, the influence of the type and quantity of local plant-based aggregates and local binders on the thermal properties was exam-ined. The final aim is to select the most suitable design of aggregate/binder for the formulation of a Cretan lightweight concrete block ready to be applied in traditional and modern buildings. It has been demonstrated that the most suitable insulation block consists of arundo donax (giant reed) as aggregates and a local putty calcitic lime with natural pozzolan in a binder/aggregate ratio ranging from 1/4 to 1/3. These samples exhibit a thermal conductivity comparable to similar products on the market (0.07 W/m. K ± 0.002).
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_61
Citation
Oiry, C., Kapetanaki, K., Maravelaki, PN. (2023). An Insulation Panel Made from Local Plant-Based Lightweight Concrete. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_61
Abstract
The Târnăveni Chemical Plant was a inorganic chemical plant in Romania. In the good old days, even 6,500 employees worked here. When it was productive, the Chemical Plant produced a lot of inorganic products such as: sodium bichromate, potassium bichromate, barium salts, chromium salts, or zinc oxide. In 2002, the plant was closed and taken over by AVAS. The sodium (potassium) dichromate manufacturing process results in a tailings called green slime. The tailings deposited in the landfill are strongly contaminated with dichromate ion, as a result of the process of manufacturing chromium salts. This ion, according to the statistics, is found in the material in a concentration of 1.73 – 2.20%. This concentration is enormous, taking into account the existing environmental protection regulations. The present paper presents the initial phase of research regarding the removing of this waste.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_57
Citation
Camelia, T., Eugen, T. (2023). Research on the Valorization of Green Sludge Resulting from the Manufacture of Sodium Dichromate in Romania. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_57
Abstract
Indiscriminate use of antimicrobials is linked to a hazardous increase in antimicrobial resistances (AMR). Global concern in AMR has restricted anti-microbial use through new tight legislation and research on new sustainable al-ternatives is needed. Probiotics with their ability to positively regulate the growth of beneficial bacteria of the intestinal microbiota are proposed as a solution to this problem. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterise the probiotic potential of 44 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from sow’s colostrum and milk. Two candidates were selected after determining the AMR profile in this collection for further in vitro assays: a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LA-34M) and a Loigolactobacillus coryniformis (LA-10). Their antibacterial activity was demonstrated against three different enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Salmo-nella spp., and Clostridium perfringens). Adherence test were performed using the epithelial cell line IPI-21, where La-10 and La-34 showed highly adherence to cell culture (64% and 68% respectively). Furthermore, an invasion assay against Salmonella Typhimurium demonstrated that booth strains were able to reduce significantly (p<0.05) S. Typhimurium invasion after 1 hour and 2 hours of incubation. These results show once more the interest of LAB in pathogen control. Further in vitro and in vivo assays will allow to determine the commer-cial potential of these two isolates.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_49
Citation
Gómez-Martínez, S. et al. (2023). Sustainable Alternative to Antimicrobial Uses: New Probiotics. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_49
Abstract
The study sought to investigate if gender and years of driving can be used to predict whether electric vehicles can fully be integrated into the transport sector. The transport sector was the center of focus as it is connected to almost all production branches. The use of electric vehicles was one of the energy-saving technologies identified. The paper discusses five different types of electric vehi-cles: the hybrid electric vehicle, the plug-in electric vehicle, the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, the fuel cell electric vehicle, and the ultracapacitor electric vehi-cle. Drivers around car dealerships, parking lots, hotels, supermarkets, shopping malls, and bus service centers in Lithuania were recruited using random sampling n=100. Data was collected using a simple questionnaire that was provided to the sample population. The methods of data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square, and predictive analysis. The results indicated that years of driving affect people’s preference for electric vehicles over traditional combustion en-gine vehicles. There was no significant relationship between gender and prefer-ence for electric vehicles.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_42
Citation
Ampadu, A.A., Cibinskiene, A. (2023). Energy Saving Technology Integration into the Transport Sector; The Influence of Years of Driving and Gender on Electric Vehicles. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_42
Abstract
Biochar is the solid product of biomass pyrolysis. Nanobiochar is a new concept that combines biochar technology with nanotechnology in order to create advanced adsorptive and sustainable materials. This can be achieved by using waste materials as feedstock for nanobiochar production. Emerging Contaminants (ECs) contain of a list of organic pollutants that get increasingly detected in surface waters during recent years, causing harmful effects to the recipient organisms. These contaminants cannot be removed conventionally by WWTPs resulting to the search for efficient solutions to resolve this problem. For this purpose, nanobiochar was produced from sewage sludge combined with two nanomaterials, Graphene Oxide (GO) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs). Nanobiochars were physicochemically characterized and then applied as adsorbents for the removal of six organic micropollutants listed as ECs from water and wastewater samples. Results showed that CNTs were the best choice of nanomaterial to enhance sewage sludge by effectively removing at least 80.8% of all contaminants from water and wastewater during the first 5 min of contact time, while GO nanobiochars required higher contact times (up to 60min) in order to remove most pollutants sufficiently, except for 2.4D, which was difficult to remove in this case.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_40
Citation
Regkouzas, P., Diamadopoulos, E. (2023). Production of Nanobiochar from Sewage Sludge for the Adsorption of Emerging Contaminants (ECs) from Water and Wastewater. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_40
Abstract
The Alkaline Activated Binders are a hope and a necessity to reduce the carbon footprint of the building materials industry. Many waste and recycled materials can be reused. In our work, we used activators and geopolymerization precursors: slag, waste concrete, metakaolin and glass from photovoltaic panels. We added a little glass, 1.1%, but even this amount has an impact on the microstructure of the mortar. The porosity decreased and the strength increased with the addition of the pulverized glass from the photovoltaic panels. A low Si/Al ratio, around 1, of the mortars cured in room conditions allowed to achieve compressive strength, around 12-14 MPa, open porosity was around 20%. The compressive strength of the geopolymer paste is slightly lower than that of geopolymer mortars. Permeability of mortars without glass in-creased almost 3 times. Phases changes after 2 and 4 months focused on strong carbonation reactions, what entitles to draw the conclusion of double decarbonizing properties of geopolymers.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_39
Citation
Słomka-Słupik, B., Wiśniewska, P., Bargieł, W. (2023). Influence of Ground PV Glass Addition on Selected Properties of Geopolymer Mortars. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_39
Abstract
In recent decades, interest in maintaining and conserving cultural assets has grown and there has been greater investment in the conservation of historical heritage. Developing a good methodology for action is key to guaranteeing adequate preservation of cultural assets. With this in mind, the Spanish Historical Heritage Institute convened a conference in 2002 to try to define basic criteria to guide the different phases of the intervention process in stone materials in all stages of stone conservation: cleaning, consolidation and protection. Carrying out efficient protection of monuments in the traditional way focuses efforts only on how it affects the property, but not on the collateral impact it may have on the environment, or how the effects of climate change may alter its functionality. Thus, a more multidisciplinary test design is needed, with a mandatory laboratory simulation phase under simulated rainfall that represents the increased environmental aggressiveness expected in the near future due to climate change. Hence, water becomes a means to simulate these future conditions, but also a way to explore the effects on rivers and groundwater near the points where the monuments will be treated. Since fresh water is one of the resources that is expected to become scarce in the short term, we intend to carry out responsible tests that take into account both aspects: saving water use and water pollution. Combining the conservation of monuments and environmental responsibility, it will be shown how it is possible to carry out research to achieve a natural product that serves as a sustainable coating for monuments of stone material that is durable but that reduces the environmental impact both in the selection of the product and in the experimental phase, as well as in its operation after application.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_25
Citation
Fernández-Raga, M. et al. (2023). Responsible Heritage Protection Actions. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_25
Abstract
The transformation of the energy market towards a decarbonized economy as well as the increased dynamization of the corporate environment in combination with easier accessible information on company-internal processes as a result of digitalization require a holistic view of a firm’s resources. This paper presents the approach of Integrated Resource Management (IRM) as an instrument of strategic corporate alignment using the practical example of carbon neutrality. After a review of the development of the concept of resources in context of corporate management systems, a potential matrix is applied to structure substitution alternatives for gas supply. In addition, the subprocesses of bundling and leveraging a firm’s resources are described in the context of gaining a competi-tive advantage as a result of an Integrated Resource Management approach.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_23
Citation
Kernbauer, S., Groiss, A. (2023). Introduction of Integrated Resource Management for Sustainable Development of Industries. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_23
Abstract
In the current scenario, sustainability is a factor that is becoming indispensable in the engineering and construction industry as a basis for decisionmaking during the life cycle of projects, from the engineering phase, to the construction management phase and finally for asset life management. To achieve the desired impact, which is the drastic reduction of pollutant emissions, a holistic vision needs to consider all the different elements of an engineering and construction of an industrial project. Among the currently available options to include the concept of sustainability in industrial plant construction projects, this work explores the contributions of Virtual Design and Construction (VDC), Integrated Project Delivery (IPD), Lean Construction, DfMA and Modular Construction. VDC, one of its best known elements is BIM (Building Information Management), provides a collaborative work environment, hence contributing to the creation of synergies and the early resolution of interferences between different systems, what links perfectly with contractual strategies such as IPD. VDC provides also the tools to design entire industrial plants in 3D and to combine such 3D models with the execution program to create virtual construction sequences (4D). Such simulations enable the coordination of different activities and the application of Lean Construction techniques, such as Lean planning or Just in Time to name a few. With regard to the prefabrication and industrialisation of components and their effect on the sustainability of construction, the possibilities and interactions between DfMA and VDC are enormous.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_21
Citation
Baranda Rodriguez, E. (2023). Improving Sustainability in Industrial Plant Construction-Available Tools and Methods. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_21

Publications related to Clean Energy (LH4)

Abstract
Increasing production and consumption have a growing environmental impact. The challenge for all countries is to decouple economic growth from the environmental impacts of consumption, resource use and waste generation. The economic sectors with the highest environmental impacts are electricity, gas and water supply, transport services and agriculture. It is there-fore becoming important to improve energy efficiency and invest in innovative and resource-efficient technologies, recognising the need to change consumption patterns and behaviours. The Sustainable Development Strategy focuses on sustainable production and consumption. Although historically the focus has been on production and the associated environmental problems and solutions such as pollution control, cleaner production and recycling. Production and consumption as interdependent indicators have only recently come into focus as researchers have realised that production and consumption are highly interrelated. Sustainable Development Goals have stressed the importance of promoting consumption and production that have the least possible impact on the environment and are able to meet the basic needs of humanity.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_11
Citation
Pažėraitė, A., Kunskaja, S. (2023). Consumption Behaviour in the Context of Sustainable Energy: Theoretical Approach. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_11
Abstract
The reverse water gas shift (rWGS) reaction represents a key technologyto realize an end-to-end power-to-liquid process chain. In this work, experimental tests of a nickel catalyst are reported. The influence of operating temperature (650-950 °C), pressure (ambient pressure up to 6 bara) and gas hourly space velocity (6000-40 000 h-1) on the conversion of CO2 and hydrogen is investigated. The results of this experimental evaluation show that the rWGS reaction favors high temperatures and low pressures. Thermodynamic equilibrium is approached with the used catalyst. Higher gas hourly space velocities favor the rWGS reaction and inhibit methane formation.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_10
Citation

Markowitsch, C., Lehner, M. (2023). Impact of the Operation Conditions on the Reverse-Water-Gas Shift Reaction. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_10

Abstract
Currently, photovoltaic technology (PV) is moving towards technologies that improve the yields for a given resource, such as PV bifacial modules. The behavior and the measured data are not as widespread as mono-facial technology. Integration of bifacial photovoltaic modules into a building with natural ventilated façade may represent a step forward in the application of this relatively new technology. In this sense, monitoring the crucial parameters in order to analyse module/system performance is becoming crucial. The purpose of this paper is to design a monitoring system for bifacial modules, which can measure, display and store weather (ambient temperature, rear and front irradiances and wind speed) and electrical (current and voltage) parameters. The developed applications allow both; trace the current-voltage curve and track the global maximum power point algorithm.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_63
Citation
Jiménez-Castillo, G., Aneli, S., Martínez-Calahorro, A.J., Gagliano, A., Tina, G.M. (2023). Monitoring Electrical and Weather Parameters in Photovoltaic Bifacial Systems. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_63
Abstract
Fluid and solid hydrocarbon reservoirs are one of the most important fossil energy sources in the world. However, due to the high emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, the application of fossil energy is not sustainable. Nevertheless, the infrastructure of the existing oil reservoirs should also be part of the ongoing utilization of the resources; petroleum reservoirs can be used to produce green hydrogen through wet combustion. This technique enables the production of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing synthesis gas from depleted petroleum reservoirs.This paper gives a brief review of the existing literature, relevant patents, and experiments on the topic. A new type of catalytic hydrogen production from depleting oil reservoir is introduced. Hydrogen production capability and the economic feasibility are evaluated using data from the literature and the relevant process parameters. Finally, the application limitations of the new process in oil reservoirs are introduced and explained; the physical and chemical parameters which affect the applicability are discussed.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_58
Citation

Bauer, J.F., Marrune, C.R., Amro, M. (2023). Thermal Hydrogen Production from Petroleum Reservoirs Using Steam Reforming and In-Situ Catalyst Application: A Technical and Economic Analysis. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_58

Abstract
Heat pumps have a multitude of applications and therefore there are many types of heat pumps. In one peculiar application heat pumps proved to be very effective for low grade waste heat recovery. Several criteria can be considered for choosing a heat pump, such as application scope, coefficient of performance, etc. Sometimes these criteria are not enough, and some more must be found. The paper suggests the use of comparative exergy analysis in order to choose the heat pump that best suits the application for which is intended. Exergy analysis is a powerful tool that allows us to analyze in detail the processes that are taking place in a heat pump, enabling us to choose knowingly between different types of heat pumps the one that best suits our application. Two new criteria for choosing a heat pump are suggested: cycle compression work and environmental impact of the refrigerant. Exergy analysis shows that the choice of the vapour compression heat pump, purely from COP point of view is legitimate but, the choice of the gas pump can be rightful due to smaller cycle compression work and refrigerant used, which in case of gas compression heat pump is air, neutral in terms of environmental impact.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_56
Citation

Dosa, I. (2023). Comparative Exergy Analysis of Heat Pumps for Heat Recovery Applications. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_56

Abstract
Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic systems may be crucial in the current energy scenario generating electricity on-site where buildings which are used for other purposes and have unused rooftop or other areas, such as, among other things, manufacturing processes, parking lots and residential building because these unused areas may be used to install Photovoltaic system. Moreover, the sizing of this type of systems is easily adjustable due to its modularity and its cost competitiveness when comparing other kinds of power generation sources. Currently, in Spain the potential to cover the electricity demand through Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic system may be between 20-30%. The industrial sector, which has a great unused rooftop and consume large amounts of energy, may play a major role in the energy transition. Electrical parameters of four Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic systems installed in Industrial Cooling and refrigeration industries have been monitored for one year in order to provide the input parameters to estimate the indices. The array power rating varies from 52.8 kW to 400 kW. Load matching metrics based on on-site measurements have been presented using recording intervals of 5 minutes. High self-consumption indices are achieved, close to 100%, while the self-sufficiency indices vary between 3.75-17.66%. Moreover, the sunshine selfsufficiency index ranges between 6.63 and 30.94%.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_48
Citation
Jiménez-Castillo, G., Martínez-Calahorro, A.J., Rus-Casas, C., Benítez-Andrades, J.A., Muñoz-Rodriguez, F.J. (2023). Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic Systems for Building of Industrial. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_48
Abstract
The paper focuses on a case-study that deals on biogas capitalization by means of a cogeneration group that employs the biogas coming from treatment plants. The energy, economic and environment effect resulting from the biogas supplying of such a group has been determined quantitatively. An energy and financial determination of the predicted savings as well as the determining of the investment recovery time and the decrease of the impact upon the environment have also been carried out. The obtained results confirm the opportunity of valorizing the biogas from the treatment plants from an energetic, economic and ecological point of view.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_43
Citation

Radu, S.M., Petrilean, D.C., Mija, N. (2023). Energy Analysis of a Wastewater Treatment Plant. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_43

Abstract
Actively cooled fixed bed reactors for catalytic methanation provide the opportunity for stable operation as temperature hotspots and thermal runaways occur in existing multi-stage fixed bed set-ups in commercial scale. This short paper reports on the experimental investigation of three cooled double wall reactors for direct biogas upgrading via catalytic methanation. The inner diameter (14, 18 and 27.3 mm) of the reactors has been significantly reduced to evaluate the improvement of the thermal management. The reactors have been tested in an existing pilot plant under varying operation parameters such as pressure and gas hourly space velocities (GHSV). As validation parameters, the CO2 conversion rate and the measured temperature profile in the catalyst bed are considered. The thinnest reactor with an inner diameter of 14 mm performs best regarding the CO2 conversion rate at all operating points, and the CO2 conversion ranges between 99.7 and 97.6% at GHSV of 4 000 and 20 000 h-1, respectively. Also, the maximum catalyst temperature of 510°C is not exceeded at high catalyst loads (15,000 and 20,000 h-1) to ensure long stability and activity of the catalyst. In comparison, in a reactor with an inner diameter of 27.3 mm far lower conversion rates (98.5% and 88.5% at 4 000 and 20 000 h-1, respectively) can be achieved in one reactor stage while the maximum measured temperature in the catalyst bed lies around 600°C. The most favorable reactor design for biogas upgrading at high catalyst loads corresponds to the reactor with the thinnest inner diameter. Beside well performing, a thin cooled reactor is characterized with a reduced system complexity and low investment costs. Furthermore, an easy scale up is possible while ensuring simplified operation.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_32
Citation
Salbrechter, K., Krammer, A., Lehner, M. (2023). Validation of Double Wall Reactor for Direct Biogas Upgrading via Catalytic Methanation. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_32

Publications related to Process automation and Industry 4.0 (LH5)

Abstract
This paper briefly presents the creation of an intelligent electric vehicle with self-driving capabilities that can be integrated into both the new Smart Grid and Smart City concepts, as well as its use as a prosumer element in an electricity supply network. The realization of a small electric vehicle obtained based on a conversion of its thermal engine into an electric engine, the integration of communication systems based on the LoRa network and the use of LiDAR sensors for the purpose of mapping an area of interest is briefly presented. A concept for the development of an electricity supply system with the help of photovoltaic panels installed in the city of Petroșani is also presented. The entire designed system, even if part of it is only at a conceptual level, represents a starting point in terms of the development of integrated systems around an autonomous electric vehicle with autonomous driving capabilities that can be considered truly 100% non-polluting through given the fact that the vehicle’s batteries will be powered by renewable sources.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_7
Citation
Rus, C., Leba, M. (2023). Autonomous Smart Electric Vehicle Integrated into a Smart Grid Type System. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_7
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide insight into Virtual Exchange, a relatively underdeveloped tool for the internationalisation of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) that offers a sustainable, easily-accessible opportunity to enhance students’ intercultural communicative competence (ICC). Several studies have reported a lack of authentic intercultural learning and skills in university students who come back to their home institution after a study abroad experience (Batardière in J Virtual Exchange 2, 2019, [1]). With this in mind, it has been argued that students need a preparatory phase to reflect and acquire skills to cope with the difficulties of studying abroad and the knowledge to fully benefit from the stay. In addition, students whose financial or personal situation does not allow them to go on exchange should also have the chance to become interculturally aware and skilled. This paper examines the sustainable component of virtual exchange (VE) and presents a newly designed model of exchange for undergraduate students of the EURECA-PRO alliance. This project is underway at the Universidad de León and is one of a few recent examples of online pre-mobility that can be found in Europe. It is a multicultural free programme, firmly committed to a sustainable accessible-to-all education that fosters the development of intercultural sensitivity, transversal or soft skills, democratic citizenship, foreign language learning, and collaborative learning. The results of the research will be expressed at a later time when data have been gathered and analysed.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_65
Citation
Alonso-Morais, Á.M. (2023). Virtual Exchange as a Sustainable Approach to Intercultural Learning. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_65
Abstract
This paper summarizes a demonstration of innovative IoT assumptions about: (a) usage of composite indices to drive sustainable environmental policy making in maritime port-city domains, (b) implementation of a full-fledged IoT architecture focused on the optimization of the edge computing through efficiently distributing its components the across the edge-to-cloud computing continuum and (c) easy, quick deployment of low-cost equipment to realize the two previous points. The demonstrator uses scale-models and data on the environmental field simulating a maritime port. The demo consists of running in real time various sensors completely leveraging low-resource equipment at the edge of the edge-to-cloud computing continuum. The resulting composite index could be very useful for the authorities to perform proper actions with the purpose of reducing the environmental impact of these nodes and for the city population in terms of transparency, since a composite index provides clearer information than a huge amount of raw data.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_52
Citation
Vaño, R., Lacalle, I., Palau, C.E. (2023). Scale Model Showcase to Drive Policy Making via IoT Composite Indices and Low-Resource Equipment at the Edge of the Computing Continuum. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_52
Abstract
In the current scenario, the search for new, more economical and environmentally sustainable approaches that contribute to the circular economy are receiving special attention in all sectors. In the construction sector, the most developed approach is the use of nanotechnology. It is one of the best and most innovative options available to improve performance in this sector. The continuous growth and increasing use of natural resources leads to the search for new materials that are more efficient, sustainable and increase the useful life of materials. In this sense, the use of nanomaterials as surface treatments is one of the fields of research that is evolving the most, since it is possible to prevent deterioration and improve the durability and conservation properties of construction materials, reducing restitution. This article conducts a capillary absorption test, which determines that the graphene oxide used as a protective treatment of the concrete surface decreases capillary water absorption by 15%; this is the beginning of a more exhaustive study to determine the effectiveness of this treatment and to be considered a nano-coating.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_46
Citation
Antolín-Rodríguez, A. et al. (2023). The Application of Nanotechnology in the Development of Concrete Coatings. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_46
Abstract
The standardization of assessment processes leads to increased efficiency in healthcare practice. Fundamentally, this is due to the fact that it facilitates the application of appropriate clinical reasoning processes and bias-free decision making. As a result of this situation, it is necessary and very useful to develop a multiplatform application to guide physiotherapists in the assessment process as a strategy to facilitate clinical reasoning in rehabilitation. This program will show in an organized way all the validated clinical tests and tests suitable for physiotherapy assessment, will record and compile all the relevant results and will facilitate the selection of the physiotherapy diagnosis. The present project aims to transform a procedure that is currently performed manually (storing all the information on paper and consuming time and resources of health personnel), into a fully automatic and digitized process thanks to the use of disruptive technologies such as computer engineering and engineering and data science through artificial intelligence techniques.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_45
Citation
Leirós-Rodríguez, R., Benítez-Andrades, J.A., Marqués-Sánchez, M.P., Calvo-Ayuso, N. (2023). Automation of the Assessment and Diagnosis Process in Rehabilitation: A Proposal to Reduce Costs and Optimize the Health Care System. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_45
Abstract
Clonal poplar plantations under conditions of water stress are more susceptible to pests and diseases, in addition to having lower growth rates than in optimal conditions of water availability. Likewise, water management is essential to guarantee responsible and sustainable wood production, with a minimum water footprint. The aim of this paper was to develop a user-friendly online system based on satellite imagery to detect and monitor damages caused by water stress in poplar plantations, so it could be used by the poplar owners/managers without previous knowledge of remote sensing. PoplarAlert is a free online web application which was developed using Sentinel-2 MSI imagery, Google Earth Engine, Python. It allows the user to obtain, through the application, clear and immediate information on the probability that damage due to water stress has occurred (in- formation in the form of an image, graph, vector or table). In addition, this tool allows the temporary reconstruction of a damage that is detected (to go back in time and try to identify the trigger). The results of testing it in two different plantations confirmed the capability of PoplarAlert to detect water stress once there was some leaf loss and/or drier/yellower leaves still on the tree (previously or during the leaf loss).
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_38
Citation
Arhrib, Y.J., Francini, S., D’Amico, G., Castedo-Dorado, F., Garnica-López, J., Álvarez-Taboada, M.F. (2023). Web Application Based on Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery for Water Stress Detection and Monitoring in Poplar Plantations. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_38
Abstract

AppPopuli is a citizen science project developed by a multidisciplinary team, in the fields of forest health and computer science. The core of the project was to develop a web application that allows both foresters and ordinary citizens to inform, in real-time, about damages in hybrid poplar plantations (Populus spp.) caused by pests or diseases. The damage report is done individually by the user through a form that they fill in with information related to the damaged tree, such as, for example, the name of the pathogen causing the damage (if known), the geographical location, photographs, etc.; so that this data is stored in a database. The database aims to monitor the status of poplar plantations and provide feedback to the app users about the damage they have reported. On the other side, the application also includes a help section with information about the pests and diseases that could damage poplar trees, so that non-experts in the field are able to identify damages found in poplar trees correctly; and an explore section with a table that contains some of the data of the reports sent by the users with their location marked on a world map. The application is focused on its use using mobile devices (but not limited to), which has been kept in mind while designing the user interface in order to guarantee a good user experience, no matter the device you are using and the size of its screen. This application will contribute to sustainable and responsible wood production, providing more resilient poplar plantations and promoting the early control of potential pests and diseases.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_36
Citation
Díez Reguera, S. et al. (2023). AppPopuli: Web Application for Real-Time Damage Report in Poplar Plantations Using Citizen Science. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_36
Abstract
The digitization of industrial assets enables automation, generating added value to manufacturing processes. Digitalization is exemplified by the use of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) to monitor mobile robots and personnel in the industrial plant. Based on this infrastructure, the authors propose a novel access control system without the need to interact with any equipment. Hence, the implementation costs are reduced because the same Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) technologies are reused, preventing the implementation of complementary equipment for both operators and mobile robots. In addition, the security of the wireless protocols has been analyzed by proposing a robust and scalable solution. Therefore, the accessibility to restricted areas is improved by reducing the authentication time compared to other technologies, especially for mobile robots.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_34
Citation
Martínez-Gutiérrez, A., Díez-González, J., Ferrero-Guillén, R., Verde, P., Alija-Pérez, JM., Perez, H. (2023). Wireless Industrial Access Control Systems for Autonomous Transportation. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_34
Abstract
The theme of sustainability transition has been the subject of an increasing number of research in recent years. This contribution aims to highlight the close links existing between several issues (that are apparently distant from each other, but all related to sustainability) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). In particular, we want to underline the interdependencies – and possible developments – among climate change, pandemics, migration, and geopolitics, in light of the new discoveries of AI.
Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_26
Citation
Magazzino, C. (2023). The Inextricable Link Among Climate Change, Pandemic, Migrations, and Geopolitics: How Artificial Intelligence Can Help Us. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_26
Abstract

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are developmental disabilities caused by differences in the brain. According to the WHO, ASD affects 1% of the population. However, many people are still undiagnosed. Thanks to artificial intelligence, more and more research is being carried out with the aim of obtaining early diagnoses that help to reduce the negative impact of the diseases or even prevent them. For all these reasons, this research has been carried out by collecting and tagging data through the social network Twitter. These tweets were obtained from users who, in their biography, indicated that they suffered from ASD or were relatives of someone with ASD. Subsequently, the set of tweets obtained was preprocessed, generating a set of 404,627 tweets, thanks to which text classification techniques, Random Forest and Support Vector Classifications, were applied. The results show predictive models with an accuracy of over 74% when classifying texts that may come from people with ASD. The research, despite its limitations, opens up a new line of research that may improve the diagnosis of this disease.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_24
Citation
Rubio-Martí­n, S., Garcí­a-Ordás, M.T., Bayón-Gutiérrez, M., Martí­nez Villamea, S., Arias-Ramos, N., Bení­tez-Andrades, J.A. (2023). Text Classification of Users Claiming to Have ASD Using Traditional Machine Learning Techniques. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_24
Abstract

In the age of Industry 4.0, a substantial concern for modern manufacturing organizations in optimizing production processes under an Internet of Things (IoT) framework is noted. Moreover, given the significant volume of production, energy efficiency is an inevitable issue. To a great extent, improving production performance depends on the development of new technologies. As a result, this research targets to conduct a research review for the implementation of industry 4.0 technologies in continuous manufacturing. While there is a significant amount of research on batch manufacturing and industry 4.0, continuous manufacturing is less addressed in these scientific works. In an attempt to fill this gap, we try to understand the transition from batch processing manufacturing to continuous processing manufacturing within certain industries, emphasizing the benefits of industry 4.0 relevant to the industry and sustainability. Another crucial part of this study is identifying open issues and challenges of industry 4.0 infrastructure in continuous manufacturing. For such reason, we developed two research questions that we will try to answer during this work. The first one is which are the technologies being implemented as part of industry 4.0 in continuous manufacturing and the second one, does the implementation of such technologies in continuous manufacturing led to energy efficiency improvement.

Publication Link
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_22
Citation
Kapllani, G. (2023). Industrial Applications of the Internet of Things. In: Benítez-Andrades, J.A., García-Llamas, P., Taboada, Á., Estévez-Mauriz, L., Baelo, R. (eds) Global Challenges for a Sustainable Society . EURECA-PRO 2022. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25840-4_22

Visit EURECA-PRO Research page:

For Researchers
Contact person:
Dipl. Ing. Dr. mont. Volkmar Kircher
Montanuniversität Leoben (MUL)
@ volkmar.kircher@unileoben.ac.at
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